Key Moments:
- GambleAware has launched new resources to assist practitioners working with neurodivergent people affected by gambling harms.
- Research highlights elevated harm for autistic individuals and those with ADHD, despite similar or lower gambling frequency in some age groups.
- The available evidence reveals a lack of adapted treatment options for neurodivergent gamblers within UK support systems.
Specialist Tools Developed for Improved Support
GambleAware, a UK-based charity, has introduced a range of specialist resources. These tools aim to equip therapists and frontline professionals with new methods to better support neurodivergent individuals experiencing gambling-related harm. These tools were informed by a multi-year research effort involving IFF Research, academics from the University of Bristol and University College London, as well as individuals with firsthand experience.
The research outlined several contributing factors, including impulsivity, hyperfocus, social challenges, and sensory needs. These elements influence why neurodivergent people may be drawn to gambling and can increase their exposure to harm. The study also emphasized the additional barriers these individuals face, including stigma, shame, and a lack of tailored help. These obstacles make it harder for them to seek support.
Patterns of Harm and Gambling Frequency
While the frequency of gambling among neurodivergent and neurotypical populations does not consistently show major differences, the study found that neurodivergent people, particularly those with ADHD or autistic traits, experience higher levels of harm. Data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) revealed that individuals with ADHD or autistic traits were “twice as likely” to suffer negative impacts from gambling compared to their peers.
There were variations in gambling frequency across different age groups. ALSPAC participants with ADHD or autism gambled more often at ages 17 and 20, but less frequently at ages 24 and 30. Despite these fluctuations, those with ADHD or autistic traits faced notably greater harm, as shown by increased Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI) scores.
| Age | Gambling Frequency: ADHD/Autism Group | Gambling Frequency: Neurotypical Group | Relative Harm (Based on ALSPAC Data) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 17 | Higher | Lower | Twice as likely to experience negative consequences |
| 20 | Higher | Lower | Twice as likely to experience negative consequences |
| 24 | Lower | Higher | Twice as likely to experience negative consequences |
| 30 | Lower | Higher | Twice as likely to experience negative consequences |
The report identified several factors behind this heightened vulnerability, including impulsivity, difficulties in assessing risk, sensory sensitivities, and reliance on gambling as a coping mechanism for complex emotions.
One contributor, Paul Nash, who has lived experience of gambling harm, said: “When you’re autistic, having a routine is important, and for me, gambling was about having a routine… each day I would gamble so I felt that I needed to continue doing that. It was also a fixation of associating my favourite hobby, sport, with making money.”
Enduring Barriers to Effective Support
Despite the clear need for tailored support, the report stated that neurodivergent people frequently encounter difficulties accessing help. Factors such as social stigma, unawareness of specialized services, and negative past experiences with treatment were cited. The evidence review showed that there is little adaptation of existing support systems to meet neurodivergent needs, with most UK services designed primarily for neurotypical individuals.
The Rapid Evidence Assessment (REA) conducted for this report did not identify published UK studies on adapted gambling interventions for people with autism, dyslexia, dyspraxia, or dyscalculia.
Introducing New Resources and Guiding Principles
In response to these findings, GambleAware has rolled out a selection of tools and guidelines. These include training materials for practitioners, communication strategies, and real-world case studies aimed at helping professionals change their approach to better serve neurodivergent clients. The initiative is structured around six core principles, including prioritizing clarity and simplicity, addressing sensory considerations, and fostering autonomy and independence.
Shifting Perceptions of Gambling Harm in Britain
These new tools arrive as changes are taking place in how the gambling harm landscape is being addressed across Britain. According to previous coverage, more than five million adults currently want to reduce or quit gambling, even if the majority are not formally classified as problem gamblers. This shift is putting the spotlight on early-intervention strategies, many of which are operated or funded by GambleAware.
GambleAware’s prior research suggests that younger adults are significantly influencing this development, with almost one in three individuals aged 18 to 34 who gamble expressing a desire to cut back or stop.
The charity’s findings also highlight that children and young adults in less affluent areas are being disproportionately exposed to online gambling advertising, potentially exacerbating existing social inequalities.
- Author
Daniel Williams
